The danger isn’t the butane itself touching your food—it’s what happens when it burns incompletely. If your torch is sputtering, yellow-flamed, or the canister is nearly empty, combustion falters. This can leave behind carbon monoxide and soot, which are not things you want on your truffle oil.
Modern, high-quality butane is refined to 99.9% purity, minimizing impurities. The bigger risk is actually physical: a hot torch tip or a canister that gets too warm. Treat it like a tiny rocket engine, not a toy.
Cultural reference: In Tokyo’s high-end restaurants, chefs use tiny butane torches to finish delicate fish. They never point the flame at the same spot for long, and they always let the flame breathe. It’s a dance of precision, not brute force.